What is cervical cancer PDF?

Cervical cancer is caused by the Human Papilloma Virus or HPV for short. HPV is commonly spread through sexual contact and can cause an infection in the cervix. This may cause the cells of the cervix to change and become pre-cancer cells.

How do you test for cervical dysplasia?

Cervical dysplasia is detected by a pap test (pap smear). It’s diagnosed with a biopsy. Abnormal changes in cells can be mild, moderate, or severe. The presence of cervical dysplasia doesn’t mean you have cervical cancer.

What are the different levels of cervical dysplasia?

There are different types of dysplasia. Mild dysplasia, called low-grade intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) is one type. Moderate or severe dysplasia, called high-grade intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) is another type of dysplasia. LSIL and HSIL may or may not become cancer.

How is conization performed?

Conization can be done with a scalpel, a laser, or via a loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP).

What are the types of cervical cancer?

The main types of cervical cancers are squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma.

• Most (up to 9 out of 10) cervical cancers are squamous cell carcinomas.
• Most of the other cervical cancers are adenocarcinomas.
• Less commonly, cervical cancers have features of both squamous cell carcinomas and adenocarcinomas.

What is low grade cervical dysplasia?

Cervical dysplasia refers to abnormal changes in the cells on the surface of the cervix. The cervix is the lower part of the uterus (womb) that opens at the top of the vagina. The changes are not cancer but they can lead to cancer of the cervix if not treated.

What is high grade cervical dysplasia?

If you have severe cervical dysplasia, it means that severely abnormal cells have been found on your cervix. You don’t have cancer, and it doesn’t necessarily mean you’ll develop cancer. Rather, it’s a precancerous condition. Cervical dysplasia is also known as cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN).

What is Stage 3 cervical dysplasia?

Listen to pronunciation. Severely abnormal cells are found on the surface of the cervix. CIN 3 is usually caused by certain types of human papillomavirus (HPV) and is found when a cervical biopsy is done. CIN 3 is not cancer, but may become cancer and spread to nearby normal tissue if not treated.

What is high dysplasia?

High grade dysplasia (HGD) refers to precancerous changes in the cells of the esophagus. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) can be complicated by Barrett’s esophagus (BE), a change in the normal esophageal cells to intestinal-like cells. BE cells can become abnormal or dysplastic.

How big is a cone biopsy?

A cone biopsy is done vaginally, like cervical screening and colposcopy. Your surgeon will use a speculum (plastic tube) to open your vagina. They will then remove a small, cone-shaped piece of tissue from your cervix. It is usually about 1cm wide.

Is cone biopsy painful?

After your cone biopsy You will probably have period type pain when you wake up. Tell your nurse if you have any pain. They can give you some painkillers. You can take painkillers home with you if you need to, but the pain usually only lasts a couple of hours.

Is adenocarcinoma cancer curable?

Can adenocarcinoma be cured? Yes. Adenocarcinoma can be successfully treated in many cases. Survival rates vary depending on the type of cancer, its location and stage.

What type of cancer is adenocarcinoma?

Cancer that forms in the glandular tissue, which lines certain internal organs and makes and releases substances in the body, such as mucus, digestive juices, and other fluids. Most cancers of the breast, lung, esophagus, stomach, colon, rectum, pancreas, prostate, and uterus are adenocarcinomas.

What is stage2 cervical dysplasia?

Moderately abnormal cells are found on the surface of the cervix. CIN 2 is usually caused by certain types of human papillomavirus (HPV) and is found when a cervical biopsy is done. CIN 2 is not cancer, but may become cancer and spread to nearby normal tissue if not treated.

What type of anesthesia is used for a cone biopsy?

Your doctor will perform a cone biopsy using either general anesthesia or regional anesthesia. General anesthesia is a combination of intravenous (IV) medications and gases that put you in a deep sleep. You are unaware of the procedure and will not feel any pain. Regional anesthesia is also known as a nerve block.