Is platinum refractory the same as platinum resistant?

Patients with a PFI of less than six months are considered to have chemotherapy-resistant disease (often also termed “platinum-resistant”). Of this group, those patients who progress while on platinum-based therapy are often referred to as having “platinum-refractory” disease.

What does platinum resistant mean?

(PLA-tih-num reh-ZIH-stunt KAN-ser) Cancer that responds at first to treatment with drugs that contain the metal platinum, such as cisplatin and carboplatin, but then comes back within a certain period. For example, ovarian cancer that comes back within 6 months after treatment is considered platinum resistant.

What is primary platinum refractory ovarian cancer?

Primary platinum-refractory/-resistant ovarian cancers are quite uncommon and are usually seen with nonserous ovarian cancers, such as clear cell carcinoma, mucinous carcinoma, or low-grade serous carcinoma, rather than the more common high-grade serous carcinoma.

How does platinum-based chemotherapy work?

Platinum-Based Drugs (Cisplatin, Carboplatin) These drugs form highly reactive platinum complexes that bind and crosslink DNA, a double-stranded molecule inside the nucleus of the cell that controls cellular activity. The chemical crosslinking within the DNA prevents cancer cells from growing and causes them to die.

How do platinum-based drugs work?

How common is platinum resistant ovarian cancer?

The majority of ovarian cancer patients respond to initial therapy with tumor cytoreductive surgery and platinum-based chemotherapy. However, approximately 70% of advanced stage patients will develop recurrent cancer and eventually succumb to recurrent disease typically characterized by multiple drug resistance.

What percent of ovarian cancer patients are platinum resistant?

Standard treatment for ovarian cancer is platinum-based chemotherapy; however, 15% to 30% of patients with ovarian cancer have primary platinum-resistant or refractory disease.

Why is platinum used in cisplatin?

So, why platinum? Well, drugs like cisplatin are platinum compounds – which means they are made up of platinum and other elements. Platinum compounds like these all work by causing damage to the DNA of cancer cells to prevent them from multiplying.

Why is platinum used in drugs?

The platinum compounds are largely used in the treatment of lung, breast, ovarian, and colon cancers. The chemotherapeutic mechanism of platinum compounds is typical of DNA-binding alkylating agents. If the DNA damage exceeds the ability of the cell to repair, the cell undergoes apoptotic cell death.

What are the side effects of platinum complex?

Other common side effects include anaphylaxis, cytopenias (including leukopenia and neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and anaemia), hepatotoxicity, ototoxicity, cardiotoxicity, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, mucositis, stomatitis, pain, alopecia, anorexia, cachexia, and asthenia.

What causes platinum resistant ovarian cancer?

BRCA mutations 2012). HR deficiency resulting from BRCA mutations leads to an accumulation of double-strand breaks after platinum chemotherapy, which in turn causes increased apoptosis and platinum sensitivity.

What does platinum sensitive ovarian cancer mean?

The standard definition of potentially platinum-sensitive ovarian cancer is an interval of greater than 6 months between the last cycle of platinum-based chemotherapy (usually but not always in the context of first-line treatment) and the start of the subsequent course of platinum used for the treatment of relapse.